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Pengaruh Faktor Maternal terhadap Insidensi Stunting pada Anak Balita di Negara Berkembang: Narrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.4160Keywords:
balita, faktor maternal, stuntingAbstract
Stunting merupakan masalah gangguan nutrisi pada anak yang masih menjadi fokus perhatian secara global  karena berpengaruh terhadap kualitas anak di masa depan. Tujuan review artikel ini untuk menganalis faktor maternal yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting pada anak balita di negara berkembang. Desain yang digunakan adalah narrative review dengan database terdiri dari PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCOhost, serta search engine Google Scholar. Kata kunci dalam penelitian ini menggunakan boolean frase. Kriteria inklusi pada narrative review ini yaitu children stunting, pregnant women, maternal factors. Hasil telaah literatur didapatkan 1.160 artikel, dan yang memenuhi kriteria hanya 16 artikel. Hasil penelaahan literatur didapatkan 7 faktor maternal yang berkontribusi insidensi stunting pada anak balita di negara berkembang antara lain pendidikan formal ibu, body mass index (BMI) ibu, tinggi badan ibu, usia ibu, antenatal care, kesehatan mental ibu, dan niat kehamilan. Faktor-faktor tersebut berpengaruh terhadap penurunan gen dan perawatan pada anak stunting. Kejadian stunting pada anak balita di negara berkembang sebagian besar terjadi karena faktor maternal dan antenatal care. Model pencegahan stunting yang berbasis pada masyarakat dan keluarga menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk menurunkan stunting pada anak.
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